Sun28November0628PM 42

Are the following true or false of diabetic ketoacidosis?

True / False

The breath may smell of acetone (nail polish) Correct

The acidosis is due to renal dysfunction Correct

Kussmaul respiration is a feature Correct

It occurs more often in type 2 or non-insulin dependent diabetes patients Correct

Glucose and ketones cause an osmotic diuresis Correct

Explanation

In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) the lack of insulin leads to a breakdown of fat and the production of ketone bodies.

The ketone bodies produce an acidosis which leads to deep, rapid breathing (Kussmaul respiration).

Both the ketones and glucose produce an osmotic diuresis causing severe dehydration.

The ketones smell of acetone or nail polish.

Diabetic ketoacidosis is more common in type 1 diabetes.

Reference:

https://bnf.nice.org.uk/treatment-summary/diabetic-ketoacidosis.html

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