Sun14November0130PM 2

Infants with cold injury may present with the following:

True / False

Abdominal distension Incorrect answer selected

Hypoglycaemia Correct

Pulmonary haemorrhage Correct

Polyuria Incorrect answer selected

Metabolic alkalosis Correct

Explanation

Cold injury is usually seen in small infants in inadequately heated homes. Presenting features include apathy refusal of food, and patients are cold to the touch.

Children develop oliguria, immobility which leads to oedema.

Cardiovascular signs are also seen, including bradycardia and apnoea.

Metabolic abnormalities are common, such as hypoglycaemia and metabolic acidosis. Abdominal compartment syndrome may result from gastropareisis and capillary leak.

Haemorrhagic manifestations are commonly seen, with pulmonary haemorrhages being seen at autopsy.

Treatment consists of warming and correcting the hypotension and the metabolic abnormalities.

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